Biomimetic and synthetic biology approaches require a detailed understanding of macromolecular machineries and cellular metabolism. Thus, the characterization and understanding of photosynthetic conversion and storage of light energy is essential for bio-inspired engineering of photo-catalysts (water oxidation, proton reduction, C02 capture). The elucidation of specialized metabolites biosynthetic pathways provides tools and bricks for the development of innovative biological systems implementing original synthetic pathways for the production of highly valuable molecules. Such engineered systems (artificial proteins, scaffold bacteria) are of great interest for applications in the fields of energy, health and environment.